Cryptography and Future Security

Information Technology (IT) has been pervasive in our lives as an exciting paradigm with a user-centric environment to provide computing and communication services. IT advantages are realized in various computer science related environments such as cloud computing, ubiquitous computing, Internet of Things, and so on. However, there are many problems and major challenges waiting for us to solve, especially related to the security risks in resource sharing of such environments, which can occur when resources are connected and accessible by anyone. The development of a reliable and trustworthy information infrastructure requires secure systems, and an essential building tool for such systems is cryptography. Cryptography is the study of mathematical techniques related to aspects of information security such as confidentiality, data integrity, entity authentication, and data origin authentication. It makes extensive use of number theory, probability, statistics, algebra, discrete logarithm and combinatorics as well as information theory, computational complexity, and coding theory. In particular, many modern cryptographic algorithms are designed and evaluated based on discrete and combinatorial mathematics.