Deficient IgA1 immune response to nasal cholera toxin subunit B in primary IgA nephropathy

Deficient IgA1 immune response to nasal cholera toxin subunit B in primary IgA nephropathy. Twelve IgA nephropathy (IgAN) patients and 18 controls were immunized with novel protein antigens, cholera toxin subunit B (CTB) via the nasal route and keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH) subcutaneously. Antibody secreting cells and antibody response in body fluids were determined by ELISPOT assay and ELISA, respectively. Analysis of variance showed, in contrast to controls ( P P P P