Cooling system for an internal combustion engine and the internal combustion engine

The invention relates to a cooling system (1) for an internal combustion engine, cooled with a crankcase of the internal combustion engine first refrigerant stream, at least one second coolant flow for cooling at least one of a cylinder associated with the cylinder head and at least one third coolant flow for cooling at least one exhaust port (2) of the cylinder. It is provided that the second and the third coolant flow from the first refrigerant stream are formed, and the third refrigerant stream after cooling the exhaust passage (2) is brought together in the cylinder head with the second coolant flow. The invention further relates to an internal combustion engine.