The personality profile of brave exemplars: A person-centered analysis

Abstract What accounts for the actions of people who exhibit exceptional bravery, voluntarily risking their lives to save others? Previous research on this topic has been restricted to the variable approach. Here, we examine this phenomenon via the person approach, by deriving a personality profile distinctive of exceptional bravery. A cluster analysis, based on a broadband assessment of 11 personality variables, revealed that awardees for bravery were distinguished from comparison participants on the basis of their personality composition, challenging a situational explanation for their actions. The cluster corresponding with exceptional bravery embodied an expanded worldview (epistemic development, early advantage), positivity (redemption), and efficacy (dominance and agency). These findings inform understanding regarding the psychological factors underlying brave action.