Mechanisms and Epidemiology of Trauma
2007
Injury is a global public health problem and the dominant
cause of morbidity and mortality among the young, particularly in industrialized countries. According to the World
Health Organization (WHO), there were 5.8 million fatalities
due to injury in 2000 (1). Injury is the seventh cause of death
worldwide (Tables 1 and 2), and the number one cause of
death in the young (ages 1-44) in the United States. Historically, infectious diseases have been the principle source of
death and disability. Advances in public health measures
during the 20th century have resulted in a decrease in the
global burden of infectious disease. Acquired immune
deficiency syndrome (AIDS) and related complications
created a brief exception to this trend. In the United
States, death due to AIDS had temporarily surpassed
injury as the pre-eminent etiology of premature death in
the 35 to 44 age group (2). However, due to public health
education on transmissibility and the development of
numerous antiretroviral therapies (Volume 2, Chapter 52),
HIV has now returned to the fifth most common cause of
death (Fig. 1).
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