Neuroinflammation biomarkers

Neuroinflammation is an adaptive response of brain tissue to mechanical damage, hypoxia, and metabolic stress. Inflammatory processes have been implicated in most acute, neurodegenerative, and some psychiatric disorders. The function of neuroinflammation consists in adaptation to damage or to homeostatic disturbances as well as in initiating reparation. However, if unregulated, this protective reaction may cause brain damage by itself. Cytotoxic mechanisms of neuroinflammation have been studied by numerous researchers. A number of potentially neuroprotective strategies are based on inhibition of inflammatoty mediators. Nevertheless, this approach seems to be inapplicable under clinical conditions because intensity and exact pathogenic effect of the process inhibited is unknown. Studies of neuroinflammation regulatory mechanisms and its neuroprotective properties in greater detail are evidently necessary for safer and more efficient therapy of brain disorders. Under clinical conditions, neuroinflammatory biomarkers are expected to give data on neurochemical mechanisms of brain inflammation.