Genotipificación, niveles de expresión y estado de integración del virus de papiloma humano en el carcinoma orofaríngeo de células escamosas

Squamous cell cancer is one of the most common tumors of the head and neck it ranks fifth among all cancers in the world. Among the risk factors are the consumption of tobacco and alcohol, and viral infections with Human Papillomavirus (HPV), and viral infections with Human Papillomavirus (HPV), the latter mainly for oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), for wich HPV is considered as the main risk factor, the latter mainly for oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma, which is considered as the main risk factor, because according to epidemiological data exist frequencies prevalences ranging from 20% to 80% depending on geographic region. In Colombia there is only one report of head and neck cancer associated with HPV, made by Quintero and collaborators in 2013. Therefore, this study was aimed at identifying the most prevalent high-risk HPV types in our OSCC patients as well as determining the expression levels and physical condition of the viral genome (episomal/integrated) for the most prevalent HPV type of virus. This was descriptive multicentric study which included,prior informed consent, 46 adults attending the of head and neck surgery services in the cities of Bogota, Manizales and Bucaramanga. All samples histopathologically diagnosed with oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma were included in this study. A sample was performed extraction of DNA and RNA. Genotyping of the HPV DNA and determination of its physical state was performed. The RNA samples were used to measure viral transcript copy number by real-time PCR. HPV prevalence was 21.74% (10 cases), the viral types found were HPV16 (9 cases) and VPH58 (1 case). Viral expression was low for HPV 16 (1- 11 copies) and the predominant physical state of this virus was mixed episomal and integrated (8 cases) with disruption of the site between the E1 and E2 genes (nt 2525 to 3720).