Voltaire's Onomomyths in Russian Literary Consciousness of the Enlightenment

The paper gives the analysis of five Voltaire's onomomyths, created by literary mentality during the Age of Enlightenment in Russia. On the basis of investigation of these onomomyths, interpreting Voltaire as a fighter with religious fanaticism, as a plenipotentiary minister of the Hell, as a leader of liberals, as an inspirer of "Voltairian" suicides, as an organizer of the French revolution, the author comes to the conclusion about non-historical character of cultural creation of myths. The present creation of myths in new literary-historical conditions can regenerate and develop old plots, associated with the eternal problem of interrelation of personality and society.