Epiglottis Involvement in a Visceral Leishmaniasis

Abstract The visceral form of leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania infantum is frequently observed in Mediterranean countries, however otorhinolaryngeal involvement has only rarely been reported in the literature. We report here the case of a 23-year-old Cameroon man, resident in France since 1991, and presenting with recurrent epistaxis and an epiglottis tumoral lesion. The visceral form of leishmaniasis with hepatosplenomegaly and pancytopenia was diagnosed. Culture of the epiglottal lesion revealed L. infantum . Serological test for human immunodeficiency virus was negative and the patient was not on immunosuppressive drugs. Dramatic improvement was observed with antimony.