Late outcomes of off-pump versus on-pump coronary bypass in patients with diabetes: A nationwide study from Taiwan

Abstract Objectives Although the benefits and risks of on- and off-pump coronary artery bypass have been compared in several clinical trials, large-scale studies regarding long-term outcomes in patients with diabetes are lacking. We compared long-term outcomes after on- and off-pump coronary artery bypass in patients with diabetes. Methods We evaluated outcomes in 16,215 patients with diabetes who underwent isolated coronary artery bypass from 2000 to 2011. Clinical data validity was regulated by the single-payer, universal, and nationwide reimbursement systems. Long-term outcomes were compared using propensity score matched analyses. Results Off-pump surgery was associated with a greater incidence of repeat revascularization ( P  = .0036) in the long term. Propensity score matching identified 3796 patients in each group. There were no significant differences between on- and off-pump surgery regarding the long-term risks of mortality (hazard ratio [HR], 0.95; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.87-1.02, P  = .1667), stroke (HR, 0.97; 95% CI, 0.87-1.09, P  = .6074), and myocardial infarction (HR, 1.05; 95% CI, 0.91-1.20, P  = .5207). Off-pump surgery offered a survival benefit within 30 days (HR on vs off , 1.52, 95% CI, 1.24-1.85, P on vs off , 0.68, 95% CI, 0.51-0.91). Conclusions In patients with diabetes undergoing isolated coronary artery bypass, off-pump surgery provided a 30-day benefit in mortality, but both groups had similar long-term survival. In off-pump surgery, repeat revascularization was a concern in the long term. In patients with diabetes and end-stage renal disease, on-pump surgery has long-term survival benefits.