Hybrid Genome Assembly for Predicting Functional Potential of a Novel Streptomyces Strain as Plant Biomass Valorisation Agent

Environmental bioremediation relies heavily on the realized potential of efficient bioremediation agents or microbial strains of interest. Identifying suitable microbial agents for plant biomass waste valorization requires (i) high-quality genome assemblies to predict the full metabolic and functional potential, (ii) accurate mapping of lignocellulose metabolizing enzymes. However, fragmented nature of the sequenced genomes often limits the prediction ability due to breaks occurring in coding sequences. To address these challenges and as part of our ongoing agri-culturomics efforts, we have performed a hybrid genome assembly using Illumina and Nanopore reads with modified assembly protocol, for a novel Streptomyces strain isolated from the rhizosphere niche of green leafy vegetables grown in a commercial urban farm. High-quality genome was assembled with the size of 8.6 Mb in just two contigs with N50 of 8,542,030 and coverage of 383X. This facilitated identification and complete arrangement of approximately 248 CAZymes and 38 biosynthetic gene clusters in the genome. Multiple gene clusters consisting of cellulases and hemicellulases associated with substrate recognition domain were identified in the genome. Genes for lignin, chitin, and even some aromatic compounds degradation were found in the Streptomyces sp. genome which makes it a promising candidate for lignocellulosic waste valorization.