Gradient metal C/C composite material and preparation method and application thereof

The invention discloses a gradient metal C/C composite material and a preparation method and an application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of development of materials for electric locomotives. The composite material designed by the invention comprises a bonding layer and a friction layer. First copper and a carbon/carbon composite material are uniformly distributed in the bonding layer, and the first copper accounts for 30-70% of the total mass of the bonding layer. Second copper and a carbon/carbon composite material are uniformly distributed in the friction layer, and the second copper accounts for 20-60% of the total mass of the friction layer. The preparation method comprises the following steps: designing a carbon fiber precast body into a structure composed of an upper layer and a lower layer, wherein the upper layer is a bonding layer, and the lower layer is a friction layer; introducing copper wires or carbon fire bundles along a direction perpendicular to the laying direction through a relay-like needling method to weave the upper and lower layers into a whole; and carrying out pyrolytic carbon deposition and polymer impregnation-carbonization to get a sample. The gradient metal C/C composite material is reasonable in structure design, the preparation technology is simple, and the obtained product has good performance.