Subsurface deformation after dry machining of Grade 2 titanium

The effect of machining speed during dry machining of commercial purity titanium was investigated on the surface roughness, residual stress and depth of deformation along with changes in the microstructure of the deformed subsurface layer. Both optical analysis and TEM examination of the microstructure have shown (see the figure) that twining is a dominant mechanism of subsurface deformation during dry machining. © 2008 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA,Weinheim