New 6-amino-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine-2,4-diones as novel agents to treat type 2 diabetes: A simple and efficient synthesis, α-glucosidase inhibition, molecular modeling and kinetic study

Abstract A new series of 6-amino-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine-2,4-dione derivatives 3a – 3s were prepared via a facile and efficient reaction from α -azidochalcones and 6-amiouracils. The reactions were performed under mild conditions to produce the corresponding compounds in good to excellent yields. Obtained derivatives 3a – 3s were evaluated for α-glucosidase inhibitory activity and all of them exhibited excellent in vitro yeast α -glucosidase inhibition with IC 50 values ranging from 78.0 ± 2.0 to 252.4 ± 1.0 μM. For example, the most active compound 3o was around 10-fold more potent than acarbose, a standard drug (IC 50  = 750.0 ± 1.5 μM). Kinetic study of compound 3o revealed that it inhibited α -glucosidase in a competitive mode. Molecular modeling studies of the most active compounds 3o , 3i , 3e and 3m were also performed.