Wellbore Models GWELL, GWNACL, and HOLA User's Guide

This report describes three multi-component, multi-feedzone geothermal wellbore simulators developed. These simulators reproduce the measured flowing temperature and pressure profiles in flowing wells and determine the relative contribution, fluid properties (e.g. enthalpy, temperature) and fluid composition (e.g. CO{sub 2}, NaCl) of each feedzone for a given discharge condition. The three related wellbore simulators that will be discussed here are HOLA, GWELL and GWNACL. HOLA is a multi-feedzone geothermal wellbore simulator for pure water, modified after the wellbore simulator developed by Bjornsson, 1987 and can now handle deviated wells. The other two simulators GWELL (see also Aunzo, 1990) and GWNACL are modified versions of HOLA that can handle H{sub 2}O-CO{sub 2} and H{sub 2}O-NaCl systems, respectively. These simulators can handle both single and two-phase flows in vertical and inclined pipes and calculate the flowing temperature and pressure profiles in the well. The simulators solve numerically the differential equations that describe the steady-state energy, mass and momentum flow in a pipe. The codes allow for multiple feedzones, variable grid spacing and well radius. These codes were developed using FORTRAN language on the UNIX system.