In Situ Phytoremediation of Metals

Metals are ubiquitous for life sustenance on earth, but their tremendous accumulation in ecosystems has caused contamination of soil and water resources. “Ex situ” and “in situ” are two possible remediating options. Ex situ remediation involves excavation of polluted soil followed by treatment, rendering it an expensive cleanup method. In situ phytoremediation is the onsite contaminant removal through plant uptake in a cost-effective and eco-friendly way. Phytoextraction and phytostabilization are two commonly practiced in situ phytoremediation strategies. This chapter focuses on basic concepts of in situ phytoremediation and removal of toxic heavy metals from soil–water environment.