Recent Advances in Iron Nanoparticles: Preparation, Properties, Biological and Environmental Application

This review focuses on the recent development and various strategies in the iron nanoparticles preparation, main attention is paid to the following: preparation, properties, biological and environmental applications. so several methods been put forward for the preparation of microstructure, and magnetic properties of bare and surface functionalized iron nanoparticles has summarized here includes a series of physico-chemical methods such as vapor process methods, liquid processing method and solid processing method which is further classified in this review. Iron nanoparticles with their corresponding catalytic, biological and environmental application was also discussed. Research has shown that various magnetic nanoparticles have been extensively investigated as novel magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents owing to their unique characteristics, including efficient contrast effects, biocompatibility, and versatile surface functionalization capability. In order to implement the practical in vivo or in vitro applications, the iron nanoparticles must have combined properties of high magnetic saturation, stability, biocompatibility, and interactive functions at the surface. Application of iron nanoparticles for removal of heavy metals is well-known adsorbents for the remediation of water. Recent progress in nanotechnology enables fine control of the size, crystal structure, and surface properties of iron nanoparticles.