Topical Application of Cyclosporine Reduces Epineurial Fibrosis: Gross Postsurgical, Histopathological and Ultrastructural Analysis in a Rat Sciatic Nerve Model.

and grafts and flaps, all with suboptimal outcomes (2, 7, 10, 14, 25). Therefore, any novel technique or pharmacological agent for the purpose of extraneural scar reduction will increase the success rates of peripheral nerve surgery. In the literature, tacrolimus has been shown to be effective in promoting nerve regeneration by reducing epineurial scar formation (9, 16, 28). We investigated the potential of topically applied cyclosporine, an immunosuppressive agent, in epineurial scar inhibition on rat sciatic nerve injury. Cyclosporine is a well-known immunosuppressive agent used in organ transplantation and for