Complications in Oocyte Retrieval

The most important step for the in vitro fertilization (IVF) process is oocyte retrieval. Under ultrasound guidance, a needle is inserted through the vagina and directed to the ovary and the follicles. Subsequently, the follicular fluid together with the oocyte is aspirated. Although it is a very precise technique, complications may occur. Although these complications are rare, they could be serious and life threatening. In this chapter, we present the complications after oocyte retrieval for IVF as they are reported in case reports and studies with small series of cycles. All studies conclude that these events are associated with pelvic inflammatory disease or endometriosis that may coexist with infertility.