Congenital mesoblastic nephroma

: Four children with congenital mesoblastic nephroma were treated at the Children's University Hospital in Belgrade, between 1979 and 1990. In relation to the total number of children cured from renal tumours (44), diagnosis of congenital mesoblastic nephroma was confirmed in 9% of all cases with renal tumours. The age of all diagnosed patients was under one year. Three patients developed unilateral and one patient bilateral congenital mesoblastic nephroma. The authors also stress the importance of differential diagnosis between congenital mesoblastic nephroma and other renal tumours, since therapy and prognosis of these tumours are different. In a case of bilateral congenital mesoblastic nephroma that later relapsed with malignant alteration, it is questionable whether bilateral nephrectomy was the most appropriate treatment.