Effects of Injected Antiosteoporotic Medication Versus Oral Bisphosphonates on Rates of Repeated Vertebroplasty or Kyphoplasty

Abstract Purpose Vertebral compression fractures can recur within a few years after percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) or kyphoplasty. Methods We conducted a population-based study using data from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database to investigate the efficacy of various antiosteoporotic treatments in reducing the prevalence rate of repeated PVP or kyphoplasty in patients hospitalized from January 1, 1997, to December 31, 2004. We included patients with vertebral compression fractures after PVP or kyphoplasty who received oral bisphosphonates (OB group; n = 6141) or injected drug therapies (injection group; n = 4308). Findings The incidence rate of repeated PVP or kyphoplasty was significantly lower in the I/Z/D (denosumab monotherapy or ibandronate or zoledronate with or without denosumab) group than in the OB group (crude subdistribution hazard ratio [sHR], 0.79; 95% CI, 0.70–0.90; P  Implications Injected antiosteoporotic medication was associated with lower rates of repeated vertebroplasty and kyphoplasty than was OB application.