Intraocular correction of ametropia in patients with keratoconus

This review was conducted due to the growing number of patients with keratoconus requiring cataract surgery and the complexity of surgical planning. The article reviews preoperative planning, intraoperative options, and postoperative management, which can help obtain high functional results. Treatment of cataracts in keratoconic eyes requires a multifaceted approach. In some cases, in the preoperative period, interventions such as crosslinking and implantation of intrastromal segments or corneal ring may be required to ensure stable keratometry values for accurate intraocular lens (IOL) calculations. The use of stabilizing procedures prior to optical biometrics can assist in preoperative lens selection and provide predictable surgical outcomes. To achieve targeted refraction and reduce unwanted optical effects, it is necessary to take a critical approach when choosing the type of lens (toric, monofocal). This is due to the appearance of aberrations of different order after preliminary surgical interventions on the cornea. The intraoperative decision plays important role in choosing the position of the corneal incisions, how to use sutures for wound adaptation, choosing scleral approaches to minimize possible postoperative complications. In the postoperative period, the degree of irregular astigmatism and the need for rigid gas-permeable or scleral lenses should be assessed.