Study on the monitoring of gastric residual status during enteral nutrition in patients with craniocerebral injury

Objective To explore the effect of monitoring gastric residual status during enteral nutrition in patients with craniocerebral injury. Methods Totally 114 cases were selected from January 2014 to January 2017 in our hospital for enteral nutrition in patients with craniocerebral injury, the patients were divided intocontrol group and observation group according to the random number table, every group had 57 cases, the control received routine nursing care in addition to residual gastric volume status of the patients during enteral nutrition, the observation group adopted nursing measures by monitoring residual gastric volume related to the timing of monitoring gastric residual patients, adjusting nutrient supply rate. The two groups of patients with nursing before and 14 d weight, hemoglobin, plasma albumin,blood glucose were counted and compared; statistics and compared two groups of patients with reflux or aspiration, diarrhea, abdominal distension and the incidence of nutritional compliance rate of two groups of patients in hospital; the incidence of aspiration pneumonia were statistically analyzed and compared. Results Nursing care of two groups before the index contrast, there was no significant difference (P>0.05), the patients in the observation group after nursing 14 d weight, plasma albumin, hemoglobin, blood glucose and other indicators were (57.8±6.7) kg, (38.3±5.9) g/L, (107.2±2.4) g/L, (8.2±2.5) mmol/L, were higher than the control group (55.5±1.3) kg, (37.1±1.3) g/L, (98.7±1.9) g/L, (7.4±3.9) mmol/L, the difference was significant (t=2.015-2.325, P<0.05); the observation group of patients with nutritional compliance rate of 91.23% (52/57) was higher than the control group 63.16% (36/57), the difference was statistically significant (χ2=4.872, P=0.032); the incidence of aspiration pneumonia in the observation group was 7.02% (4/57) which was significantly lower than 12.28% (7/57) in the control group, the difference was statistically significant (χ2=2.124, P=0.045); patients of observation group with reflux and aspiration the incidence of abdominal distension, diarrhea, were 17.54% (10/57), 19.30% (11/57), 15.79% (9/57), lower than 26.32% (15/57), 29.82% (17/57), 28.07% (16/57) of the control group, the differences were statistically significant (χ2=3.916-5.379, P<0.05). Conclusion It is helpful to improve the nutritional compliance rate and reduce the incidence of complications such as aspiration pneumonia in patients with craniocerebral injury. Key words: Craniocerebral injury; Nursing care; Enteral nutrition; Gastric remnant