Characterization of novel Gluconobacter species from fruits and fermented food products: Gluconobacter cadivus sp. nov., Gluconobacter vitians sp. nov. and Gluconobacter potus sp. nov.

Strains LMG 1744T, LMG 1745, LMG 31484T, LMG 1764T and R-71646 were isolated from rotting fruits and fermented food products. A phylogenomic analysis based on 107 single-copy core genes revealed that they grouped in a Gluconobacter lineage comprising Gluconobacter oxydans, Gluconobacter roseus, Gluconobacter sphaericus, Gluconobacter kanchanaburiensis, Gluconobacter albidus, Gluconobacter cerevisiae, Gluconobacter kondonii and Gluconobacter aidae. OrthoANIu and digital DNA hybridization analyses demonstrated that these five strains represented three novel Gluconobacter species, which could be differentiated from the type strains of closely related Gluconobacter species by multiple phenotypic characteristics. We therefore propose to classify strains LMG 1744T and LMG 1745 in the novel species Gluconobacter cadivus sp. nov., with LMG 1744T (=CECT 30141T) as the type strain; to classify strain LMG 31484T as the novel species Gluconobacter vitians sp. nov., with LMG 31484T (=CECT 30132T) as the type strain; and to classify strains LMG 1764T and R-71646 in the novel species Gluconobacter potus sp. nov., with LMG 1764T (=CECT 30140T) as the type strain.