Can muscle transposition of an antagonist modify regeneration of the peroneal nerve

: The prognosis after injury and microsurgical repair of the peroneal nerve is poor. However, clinical experience seems to indicate better results if nerve repair or neurolysis is combined with transposition of the tibialis posterior muscle. This hypothesis was tested in 20 rabbits by severing the peroneal nerve of one lower extremity. Nerve repair with muscle transposition was performed in ten rabbits and nerve repair without muscle transposition in the remaining ten animals. Six to twelve months later, histological and histochemical studies of nerve and muscle tissue were performed. No significant differences between the two groups could be determined.