Development Stages of Intelligent Cities

Throughout the history of urban development, along with the continuous development of science and technology, urban development has undergone three social civilization stages: agricultural civilization, industrial civilization and information civilization. Intelligence is considered as a product generated in the constant in-depth development of information civilization. Although relevant research areas of intelligent city have recently attracted lots of attention, researches on the development stages over time are relatively lacked. The significance of this chapter is to sort out the development stage of smart city at home and abroad, and explain the law of the development and evolution of smart city. In this book, the development of intelligent city practices are divided into three stages: stage I, empirical preparation and the formation of conception, stage II, dissemination of intelligent city conception and experimental practices and stage III, in-depth exploration. For each stage, main features and connotation, landmark events and prototypical practice cases are identified.