ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ ИННЕРВАЦИИ ДВЕНАДЦАТИПЕРСТНОЙ КИШКИ КРЫСЫ С ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕМ НЕЙРАЛЬНЫХ ИММУНОГИСТОХИМИЧЕСКИХ МАРКЕРОВ

The purpose of the work is to study the topography, morphology, and mediator status of the nerve apparatus of the rat duodenum using immunohistochemical methods. The use of markers selective for the peripheral nervous system (PGP 9.5, synaptophysin (Syn), serotonin (5HT) and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) made it possible to reveal in the tissues of the intestinal wall, in addition to the two main submucosal and myienteral ganglionic nerve plexuses), the third plexus is the mucous epithelium villous. Using comparative immunohistochemical analysis, it was found that most of the nerve structures (neurons, nerve fibers, interneuronal and neuromuscular synapses in the ganglion plexuses) are PGP 9.5-immunopositive and cholinergic. There are no catecholaminergic and serotonergic (5HT +) neurons in the studied ganglion plexuses. It is assumed that postganglionic sympathetic fibers enter the duodenum from the outside. They participate in the innervation of the muscle layers of the intestinal wall and arterial vessels, form pericellular synapses on the bodies and dendrites of parasympathetic neurons. A large number of terminal varicose axons were found in the connective tissue of the villi using PGP 9.5, and single bipolar neuron-like cells were found in the epithelium. Sympathetic elements in the villi were not identified. A reaction to serotonin revealed a large number of serotonin-containing cells that were morphologically similar to enterochromaffinocytes.