Çorum güneybatısındaki volkanik kayaçların jeolojik ve petrolojik özellikleri ve Alaca Höyük kazısında jeoarkeolojik çalışmalar

Bu tez calismasinda, Corum-Alaca Hoyuk cevresinde yer alan volkanik kayaclarin mineralojik-petrografik ve jeokimyasal ozellikleri incelenmis, mineral kimyalari ve izotop oranlari belirlenerek volkanizmanin kokeni ve olusumunda etkili olan surecler anlasilmaya calisilmistir. Ayrica, Alaca Hoyuk arkeolojik kazisi sirasinda bulunan tas malzemeleri ve metal curuflari incelenmistir.   Icerdikleri mineral parajenezlerine, jeokimyasal ozelliklerine ve radyometrik yas tayinlerine gore kayaclar, ojit andezit-I (52,1±1,6 m.y.), riyodasit (51,4±1,4 m.y.), diyorit porfir (46,7±1,3 m.y.), hornblend andezit (43,6±0,9 m.y.), ojit andezit-II (41,4±1,4 m.y.) olarak adlandirilmistir.   Mineralojik calismalar sirasinda, plajiyoklaz, biyotit, piroksen ve opaklasmis amfibol minerallerin gosterdikleri mineralojik ve dokusal ozellikler nedeniyle, incelenen volkanik kayaclarin olusumunda magma karisimi sureclerinin etkili oldugu gorulmektedir. Ayrica, calisilan volkanitlerin orta potasyumlu ve kalkalkalin karakterde oldugu, dalma-batmaya ozgun ozellikler sunarak, fraksiyonel kristallesme, magma karisimi ve kabuksal kirlenme surecleri ile birlikte, 25-30 km derinlikteki litosferik bir kaynak olan spinel lerzolitin % 15-35 arasinda gerceklesen kismi ergimesi sonucu yay magmatizmasi olarak olustuklari sonuclari ortaya cikmistir.   Alaca Hoyuk kazisi sirasinda ortaya cikartilan cesitli taslarin bazilarinda yapilan mineralojik calismalar, bunlarin Kalinkaya, Mahmudiye, Kargin ve Deniz koyleri civarinda yuzeyleyen hornblend andezit ve diyorit porfir kayaclariyla cok buyuk benzerlikler sundugunu gostermistir.   Kazi alaninda bulunan curuflarda bazi ana ve eser element kimyasal analizlerine gore,  W, Sn, Fe, Cu, As, Sb, Pb, Zn, Au ve Ag elementlerinde bazi yuksek degerler saptanmistir. Bu curuflara ait ham cevherlerin olasilikla polimetalik bir cevherlesmeden kaynaklanabilecegi, ayrica As, Sb, Bi, Hg, Tl, Se, Te ve Au ile Ag zenginlesmelerinden dolayi hidrotermal cevher olusumu da icerebilecegi soylenebilir.Abstract   In this thesis, mineralogical, petrographical and geochemical features of volcanic rocks around Alaca Hoyuk, Corum are investigated. Due to the results of mineral chemistry and isotope ratios, the genesis of volcanism and the processes run during the formation of the rocks are tried to understand. In addition, the Stone (rock) materials of the buildings and monuments (sfenks) and slags found during excavations are investigated and evaluated.   According to the mineral paragenesis and geochemical characteristics and depending on radiometric age determinations volcanic rocks are seperated into five groups as augite andesite-I (52,1±1,6 m.a.), rhyodacite (51,4±1,4 m.a.), diorite porphry (46,7±1,3 m.a.), hornblend andesite (43,6±0,9 m.a.), augite andesite-II (41,4±1,4 m.a.).   Due to mineralogical and textural features of plagioclase, biotite, opacitized amphibole minerals, magma mixing processes are affected the volcanic rocks. Data collected from mineral chemistry and isotope studies and also geochemical analyses point out that volcanic rocks contain medium K values and in calcalcaline character. The volcanites formed as a result of arc magmatism in the study area present subduction related and alsi fractional crystallisation, magma mixing, crustal contamination features. The magma which produced these volcanics should result from lithospheric sourced spinel lherzolites with 15-35 % partial melting ratios formed at 25-30 km depths.   Some of the materials found out during excavations at Alaca Hoyuk exhibit important similarities with the hornblend andesitic and diorite porphyritic rocks cropping out at around Kalinkaya, Mahmudiye, Kargin, and Deniz villages.   The chemical analyses of the slags from excavation sites showed very high Cu and also high W, Sn Fe, As, Sb, Pb, Zn, Ag, and some Au element contents. The slags could possibly indicate the relicts from polymetallic copper ores. Because of As, Sb, Bi, Hg, Tl, Se, Te, and also Au and Ag enrichments, a hydrothermal ore paragenasis can be postulated.