The Role of Kynurenine Pathway Metabolites in Neuropsychiatric Disorders

In recent years, the role of kynurenine and its neuroactive metabolites as they relate to human disease has been intensely studied. Though much work has focused on kynurenine metabolism in neurodegenerative diseases, it is becoming clear that disruption of this pathway can have profound behavioral effects that are also relevant for neuropsychiatric indications. The following chapter will review both preclinical and clinical studies where kynurenine and its most abundant metabolic products were evaluated in relation to a range of highly prevalent neuropsychiatric disorders including schizophrenia, depression, and ADHD. Each section will summarize the kynurenine disruptions thought to be associated with a particular disorder, discuss the functional consequences of these effects, and speculate on means to improve unmet medical needs through manipulation of the kynurenine pathway.