Characterization of the population of intestinal bacteria of four relevant species of production animals

2018 
espanolObjetivou-se caracterizar a populacao de Enterobacteriacea do intestino de animais de interesse zootecnico. O contingente amostral do presente estudo foi composto por 50 animais, sendo cinco de cada grupo: vacas em lactacao e bezerros; matrizes ovinas, borregos, reprodutores ovinos; cavalos adultos; porcas gestantes, porcas lactantes leitoes em fase de creche e terminacao. As amostras de fezes foram coletadas da ampola retal dos animais, homogeneizadas e diluidas em solucao salina. Posteriormente foram inoculadas aliquotas de 100 microlitros (μL) das diluicoes em placas estereis contendo agar Mac Conkey. Apos crescimento bacteriano, as colonias foram classificadas em Lac+ Lac- e quantificadas quanto a esses grupos e quanto ao numero total de unidades formadoras de colonias (UFC/grama de fezes). Para a identificacao dos generos bacterianos foi realizado o reisolamento e apos o crescimento, cada bacteria foi inoculada em tubos contendo meio Rugai e Araujo, modificado por Pessoa e Silva. Apos analises, observou-se que os borregos apresentaram maior concentracao de enterobacterias (7,9 x 107 UFC/g de fezes) e os leitoes em creche apresentaram uma menor populacao (4,20 x 106 UFC/g de fezes). A identificacao dos generos indicou maior ocorrencia de E coli. A populacao de enterobacterias e influenciada pela categoria e especie animal, podendo ser justificadas pelas diferencas fisiologicas, do ambiente de criacao e da alimentacao de cada grupo animal. EnglishIn this study the objective was to characterize the population of Gram negative rods, facultative anaerobes from the large intestine of farm animals. The samples were from 50 animals, being five of each group: lactating cows and their calves; ewes and their lambs, ram breeding; adult horses; lactating sows, piglets in nursery and finishing piglets. Faecal samples were collected from the rectal ampoules, homogenized and diluted in sterile saline solution. Decimal dilutions were prepared and subsequently 100 microliter (μL) aliquots were inoculated on plates containing MacConkey agar. After bacterial growth, the colonies were classified in producers or non-producers of lactases and the colony forming units (CFU/g) were quantified. For the presumptive identification of bacterial genera, pure colonies were inoculated in tubes containing Rugai and Araujo medium. After quantification analysis, lambs presented a higher concentration of these bacteria (7.9 x 107 CFU/g faeces) while piglets in the nursery showed a lower population (4.2 x 106 CFU/g faeces) than other animal groups. The bacteria E. coli was the more frequently identified. The populations of these Gram negative rods were influenced by both the category and the animal species, and these differences could be attributed to the physiological differences of these animals, the breeding environments and the type of provided feeding.
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