Hybrid Entanglement Concentration and its Application in Hierarchical Quantum Teleportation Network

The advent of a new kind of entangled state known as hybrid entangled state, i.e., entanglement between different degrees of freedom, makes it possible to perform various quantum computation and communication tasks with lesser amount of resources. Here, we aim to exploit the advantage of these entangled states in communication over quantum networks. Unfortunately, the entanglement shared over the network deteriorates due to its unavoidable interaction with surroundings. Thus, an entanglement concentration protocol is proposed to obtain a maximally entangled hybrid Omega-type state from the corresponding non-maximally entangled states. The advantage of the proposed entanglement concentration protocol is that it is feasible to implement this protocol with linear optical components and present technology. The corresponding linear optical quantum circuit is also provided for experimental realizations. We have evaluated the success probability of the proposed entanglement concentration protocol. We finally have proposed an application of the hybrid entangled state in the hierarchical quantum teleportation network by performing information splitting of a hybrid entangled state, which is also the first hierarchical quantum communication scheme in the hybrid domain so far.