Anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory activities of caffeoyl hemiterpene glycosides from Spiraea prunifolia.

Abstract Activity guided isolation of a Spiraea prunifolia extract yielded five caffeoyl hemiterpene glycosides: 4′-(6- O -caffeoyl- β - d -glucopyranosyl)-2′-methyl butyric acid, 1-O-caffeoyl-6-O-(4′-hydroxy-2′-methylene-butyroyl)- β - d -glucopyranoside, 1,2-O-dicaffeoyl-6-O-(4′-hydroxy-2′-methylene-butyroyl)- β - d -glucopyranoside, 1-O-caffeoyl-6-O-(4′-caffeoyl-2′-methylene-butyroyl)- β - d -glucopyranoside, and 1-O-caffeoyl-6-O-(4′-caffeoyl-3′-hydroxy-2′-methylene-butyroyl)- β - d -glucopyranoside, and nine known compounds. Structures were elucidated by analysis of 1D and 2D NMR spectra and FAB-MS. To evaluate the anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory properties of all fourteen compounds, DPPH radical scavenging, NBT superoxide scavenging, and inhibition of nitric oxide production in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells were examined. Three of the caffeoyl hemiterpene glycosides exhibited potent anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory activities compared with Vitamin C and l -NMMA, which were used as positive controls.