The pre-heating and injection of bulk solar wind and suprathermal protons into first order Fermi acceleration at a fast traveling shock

We use a time-dependent focused transport model to investigate the shock pre-heating and injection of bulk solar wind and suprathermal protons from a kappa distribution into first order Fermi acceleration at a fast planar parallel shock. The efficiency of pre-heating mechanisms associated with adiabatic compression, the cross-shock electric field, and the noninertial force associated with the slowdown of the solar wind flow across the shock is evaluated. The validity of standard diffusive shock acceleration theory as a model for first order Fermi acceleration at a fast traveling shock is investigated within the context of focused transport theory.