重金属污染土壤的生物修复技术研究进展 Research Progress of Bioremediation on Heavy Metal Contaminated Soil

土壤重金属污染的生物修复作为治理环境污染的重要手段之一，是建立环境友好型社会不可或缺的一部分。本文首先介绍了土壤中重金属污染的主要来源以及重金属对土壤肥力、土壤微生物和酶活性及人类健康的影响；其次比较详细地综述了重金属污染土壤的生物修复技术，包括植物修复技术、微生物修复技术及二者联合修复等；最后提出了现阶段修复技术的不足，并对该领域今后的发展进行了展望。 Bioremediation of soil heavy metals contamination, as one of the important means to control environmental pollution, is an integral part to establish the environmentally friendly society. This article firstly introduces the main sources of heavy metals in soil and the influence of heavy metals on soil fertility, soil microorganism and enzyme activity and human health. What’s more, it also summarizes the bioremediation of heavy metals contaminated soil in detail, including phytoremediation, microbial remediation and their combined repair technology. Finally, this article proposes the lake of repairing technology at present stage and the future development in this field.