Nonlinear dynamics of the laser spot size and pulse duration in turbulence

In this work, a set of coupled equations is presented that describes the spot size and pulse length evolution of a Kerr focused ultra-short laser pulse in a turbulent and group velocity dispersive atmosphere. Solutions to the equations are compared against Monte Carlo simulations for focused and collimated beams in weak, moderate, and strong turbulence. The results indicate good agreement except when the beam accumulates excessive wings in the transverse profile and/or undergoes pulse splitting, such that the self-similar evolution assumption in the coupled equation derivation breaks down.