A survey on chronic rhinosinusitis: opinions from experts of 50 countries

Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a very prevalent inflammatory disease. Treatments vary in different countries. In the present study, we explored the approaches of physicians in 50 countries. In this cross-sectional study, a rhinosinusitis survey (RSS) was completed by Honorary and Corresponding Members (otorhinolaryngologists) of the Italian Society of Rhinology. In 79.1 % of the 50 countries, the proportion of patients suffering from CRS was 15 %. Nasal symptoms were more intense in winter (46 % of countries), and spring and autumn (22 %). The most common symptoms were nasal obstruction (86 %), postnasal drip (82 %) and headache (52 %). The most common investigative modalities in the assessment of CRS are paranasal sinus CT, fiberoptic endoscopy, and anterior rhinoscopy. CRS patients were principally treated by otorhinolaryngologists (70 %). Medical treatments included nasal corticosteroids (90 %), nasal washes (68 %), and nasal decongestants (32 %). In 88 % of countries, more than 50 %, or “about 50 %”, of all patients reported subjective symptom improvement after treatment. In most of the countries, surgery was required by 20–35 % of all CRS patients. During post-surgery follow-up, nasal washes (90 %), nasal corticosteroids (76 %), and systemic antibiotics (32 %) were prescribed. In 20–40 % of all patients, CRS was associated with nasal polyps. In such patients, the medical treatment options were nasal corticosteroids (90 %), systemic corticosteroids (50 %), nasal washes (46 %), and systemic antibiotics (34 %). Treatment of CRS patients varies in different countries. Paranasal sinus CT is the most common investigative modality in the assessment of CRS, and nasal corticosteroids are the first-line treatment, in the absence or presence of nasal polyps.