人工海岸对渤海湾风暴潮的影响分析 Impact of Coastal Reclamation on Storm Surge in Bohai Bay

渤海湾是受风暴潮灾害影响最严重的地区，在夏季容易遭受台风风暴潮，在春秋和冬春过渡季节，容易遭受温带风暴潮的袭击。近十年来，渤海大量围填海工程建设，使渤海湾岸线变化明显。为研究岸线变化对渤海风暴潮的影响，基于FVCOM海洋模型，建立了渤海潮汐和风暴潮模型，模拟了1985年8月、1997年8月、2003年10月和2005年8月四次典型风暴潮过程，模拟结果和实测数据相吻合。利用2000年渤海岸线和变化之后的2010年渤海岸线，研究了风暴潮增水的变化，分析了渤海湾三大港区的增水变化的空间分布。 Storm surges can induce severe disasters in Bohai Bay. The typhoon storm surge often happens in summer and the extratropical storm surge often happens in the other seasons. In recent ten years, the shoreline of Bohai Bay has changed due to the coastal reclamation, which may have some effect on the storm surge. In this paper, storm surges occurring in the Bohai Sea are reproduced based on the Finite Volume Coastal Ocean Model (FVCOM). Four representative storm surges are simulated which happened in Aug. 1985, Aug. 1997, Oct. 2003 and Aug. 2005 and the simulated surge elevations agree closely with the in-situ observations. The effect of the reclamation on the storm surge is studied in Bohai Bay using the 2000 coastline and 2010 coastline. The increases of the storm surge elevation distribution are shown in Caofeidian Port, Tianjin Port and Huanghua Port in Bohai Bay.