Immunotherapy for CRPC

CRPC had been considered to be chemoresistant until 2004 when docetaxel was approved by US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) as a first-line treatment for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. Thereafter, docetaxel has become the standard treatment for patients with metastatic CRPC. Within the last decade, four new drugs, abiraterone, cabazitaxel, enzalutamide, and radium-223, have been approved for the treatment of various stages of CRPC. Despite the therapeutic options for CRPC has improved, immunotherapy is still an attractive approach since it can offer more sustainable disease control and long-term survival benefit. There are several features of prostate cancer that make it an ideal subject for immunotherapy, and in 2010, FDA approved sipuleucel-T based on improvement in overall survival (OS) in patients with CRPC.