Social Organization and Mating System of Macaca Fascicularis (Long Tailed Macaques)

Long tailed macaques (Macaca fascicularis) are organized into multi-male/multi-female groups have a strong hierarchical ties with each others. The data collected in present study was random and continuous sampling data. It was depicted from present study that the alpha male exhibit significant dominance for the behaviour of fighting (p<0.05), eating (p<0.05) and grooming (received) (p<0.05). Other behaviours grooming (given), attacking and protection were observed higher in beta male. Furthermore, the male and female social relationships were also assessed and compared to the other members of the group. The behaviors of males was found significant for the aggression (p<0.028), approach (p<0.002) and reconciliation (p<0.01), while observed significant difference in the behavior of grooming (p<0.012), biting (p<0.016), sex (p<0.031), submission (p<0.004) and baby care (p<0.01) in females respectively. It is concluded that the Macaca fascicularis bound in hierarchical system and mating structure showed that the male and female mate with multiple partners suggesting that mating is composed on polyandry and polygamy.