Autoconcepto multidimensional en estudiantes universitarios según factores sociales y académicos

espanolEl autoconcepto multidimensional ha sido estudiado en las ultimas decadas en diversos contextos academicos y ligados a la salud fisica y mental. Este se entiende como la percepcion que posee un sujeto de si mismo en relacion a diversos componentes que son construidos socialmente, destacandose el emocional, fisico, social o academico. El presente estudio de caracter descriptivo y diseno transversal, realizado en una muestra de 2736 estudiantes universitarios [♂ = 33.8% (n=924); ♀ = 66.2% (n=1812)], persigue como objetivo analizar el autoconcepto multidimensional en funcion del sexo, la rama de estudio y la tipologia de ensenanza. Para ello se utiliza la escala de autoconcepto AF-5 (Garcia y Musitu, 1999), empleando para el analisis estadistico el software IBM SPSS® v.23.0. Los resultados muestran como los estudiantes varones poseen un autoconcepto global, emocional y fisico mas elevado, revelandose que las dimensiones academica y familiar son mas elevadas en las mujeres. Por rama de conocimiento, los estudiantes de ciencias sociales poseen mayor autoconcepto academico, mientras que aquellos que estudian titulaciones de ciencias de la salud poseen mayor autoconcepto fisico, emocional y global. Finalmente, se pudo observar que los jovenes que estudiaban titulaciones online o semipresenciales poseian mayor autoconcepto academico y emocional, asi como menores puntuaciones en el autoconcepto familiar y fisico. Como conclusiones, se muestra variaciones significativas en las dimensiones del autoconcepto segun area de conocimiento y modalidad de estudio, lo cual permite definir directrices sobre aquellas dimensiones que deben desarrollarse para mantener niveles adecuados de bienestar y salud mental. EnglishThe multidimensional self-concept has been studied in last decades in several contexts linked to academic and health topics. This concept is understood as the perception that a person has of itself in relation to various components that are socially constructed, highlighting the emotional, physical, social or academic dmensions. This cross-sectional study, carried out in a sample of 2736 university students [♂ = 33.8% (n = 924); ♀ = 66.2% (n = 1812)], aims to analyse the multidimensional self-concept according to sex, the branch of knowledge and the type of teaching associated with the degree that they are studying. The AF-5 self-concept scale (Garcia and Musitu, 1999) is used, using IBM SPSS® v.23.0 software for statistical analysis. The results show how male students have a higher global, emotional and physical self-concept, revealing that the academic and family dimensions are higher in women. By branch of knowledge, students of social sciences have greater academic self-concept, while those who study degrees in health sciences have greater physical, emotional and global self-concept. Finally, it was observed that young people who studied online or blended degrees had greater academic and emotional self-concept, as well as lower scores in the family and physical dimensions. As conclusions, significant differences are shown in the dimensions of self-concept according to area of knowledge and study modality, which allows defining guidelines on those dimensions that must be developed in order to maintain adequate levels of well-being and mental health.