Functional Ionic Porous Frameworks Based on Triaminoguanidinium for CO2 Conversion and Combating Microbes
2019
Porous organic frameworks
(POFs) with heteroatom rich ionic backbone have emerged as advanced materials
for catalysis, charge-specific molecular separation and antibacterial activity.
The loading of metal ions further enhances Lewis acidity augmenting the
activity associated with the frameworks. Metal-loaded ionic POFs however often
suffer from physicochemical instability, limiting their scope for diverse
applications. Herein, we report the fabrication of triaminoguanidinium-based
ionic POFs through Schiff base condensation in a cost-effective and scalable
manner. The resultant N-rich ionic frameworks facilitate selective CO2
uptake and provide high metal (ZnO, 57.3 ± 1.2%) loading capacity. The hierarchically mesoporous ZnO-rich
metalated frameworks (Zn/POFs) show remarkable catalytic activity in the
cycloaddition of CO2 and epoxides into cyclic organic carbonates
under solvent-free condition with high catalyst recyclability. In addition,
both ionic POFs and Zn/POFs exhibit robust antibacterial (Gram-positive, S.
aureus and Gram-negative, E. coli) and antiviral activity targeting
HIV and VSV-G enveloped lentiviral particles. The enhanced catalytic, as well
as broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity, are likely due to the synergistic
effect of triaminoguanidinium ions and ZnO infused with the frameworks. We thus
establish triaminoguanidinium-based POFs and Zn/POFs as a new class of
multifunctional materials for environmental remediation and biomedical
applications.
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