Fractional microablative CO2 laser in breast cancer survivors affected by iatrogenic vulvovaginal atrophy after failure of nonestrogenic local treatments: a retrospective study

AbstractObjective:Vulvovaginal atrophy (VVA) is a condition frequently observed in menopause. Its symptoms can significantly affect the quality of life of patients. Since VVA is related to estrogen deficiency, chemotherapy and hormone therapy for breast cancer (BC) might cause VVA by inducing menopa