Method for catalyzing ethyl alcohol by use of AgO/CuO-MgO-SiO2 four-component composite oxide catalyst to prepare butadiene

The invention discloses a method for catalyzing ethyl alcohol by use of a AgO/CuO-MgO-SiO2 four-component composite oxide catalyst to prepare butadiene, and belongs to the technical field of chemistry and chemical engineering. The method comprises the following steps: configuring copper salt, magnesium salt, silicon salt and deionized water according to a certain molar ratio, regulating the pH value with an alkali liquor, and preparing a CuO-MgO-SiO2 three-component carrier by concentrating, filtering, drying, calcining and cooling; placing a certain amount of the three-component carrier into a AgNO3 solution with a certain concentration, stirring at a certain temperature till the solution becomes thick, transferring the solution into a drying oven to be dried, placing the obtained object into a muffle furnace to be calcined for a certain period of time at a certain temperature, and grinding and screening to obtain the four-component composite oxide catalyst. Different from that in a traditional three-component catalyst, the substance amount ratio of the four metal components in a catalyst can be adjusted for preparation of the high-activity four-component composite oxide catalyst which is used for catalyzing ethyl alcohol to prepare butadiene.