Characteristic of innate and acquired immunity in adaptation disorders

OBJECTIVE To determine factors of innate and acquired immunity in adaptation disorders with a predominance of asthenic or anxiety-depressive syndrome. MATERIAL AND METHODS Twenty-five patients with ICD-10 diagnosis of «Adaptation Disorders» (F43.2), including 9 with asthenic syndrome and 16 with anxiety-depressive syndrome, were examined. The control group consisted of 23 healthy individuals. The relative number of lymphocyte phenotypes was determined by flow cytometry; the concentration of IgM, IgG, IgA, aAB to S100b and MBP - by ELISA; CIC level - by the method of selective precipitation with PEG-6000; phagocytic activity of neutrophils by a test system with melamine-formaldehyde latex; activities of leukocyte elastase (LE) and α1-proteinase inhibitor (α1-PI) by a spectrophotometric method. RESULTS There were significant changes in the parameters of acquired immunity in the group with asthenic syndrome and those of innate immunity in the group with anxiety-depressive syndrome. An increase in α1-PI activity, in the total number of significant correlations between different immunological parameters, in the involvement of α1-PI in integration of acquired and innate immunity were observed in the anxiety-depressive group compared with the asthenic group. CONCLUSIONS The peculiarities of stress response in patients with leading anxiety-depressive syndrome are the high activity of α1-PI, which, along with the strengthening of correlation intersystem associations and the involvement of this protein in the integration of acquired and innate immunity, allows us to consider α1-PI as a criterion that improves the accuracy of diagnosis of the nature of the course of adaptation disorders.