The correlation between the oral glucose tolerance test 30-minutes plasma glucose and risk factors for diabetes and cardiovascular diseases: A cross-sectional epidemiological study of diabetes in Fujian Province in the South-East of China

Objective: To investigate the correlation between abnormal oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) 30-min plasma glucose (PG) and risk factors and metabolic abnormalities of diabetes and cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Methods: Participants (no.=2457) underwent a physical examination, blood biochemistry examination, OGTT, and a 12-lead electrocardiogram. We measured fasting PG (FPG) and PG at 30 min (30minPG) and 1 h (1hPG) of the OGTT. The association between an increase in 30minPG (by 1 SD) and the metabolic abnormalities of diabetes and CVD such as hypertension, overweight and obesity, central obesity, and hyperlipidemia; osteoporosis was assessed by logistic regression analysis after controlling for FPG and 2hPG. Results: This analysis showed that an increase of 30minPG by 1 SD (1.92 mmol/l) significantly increased the risk of chronic metabolic abnormalities in diabetes and CVD such as hypertension, overweight, and obesity, central obesity, hyperlipidemia, and osteoporosis. Stepwise multiple regression analysis also showed that 30minPG was significantly correlated with male gender, smoking, FPG, 2hPG, total cholesterol, waist/hip ratio, and blood pressure. Conclusions: An elevation of 30minPG increased the risk of diabetes and CVD. The increased risk was independent of FPG, 2hPG, age, sex, and smoking status.