Vasospasm of the flap pedicle - the new experimental model on rat.
2014
Background: An experimental model for testing vasodilating
drugs on vasospasm caused by standardized traumatisation of a
pedicle has not been described yet. The aim of this study was
to develop such model and to compare the effects of different
types of surgical manipulations that can provoke vasospasm
during flap dissection. Material and methods: The pedicled
groin flap was dissected in 185 male Wistar rats under
standardised conditions. The blood perfusion curves of the flap
were obtained using the Laser Doppler flow-meter. The vasospasm
was provoked by the following manoeuvres: pulling on the
pedicle; compression of the pedicle by vascular clamps;
dissection of the vessels and by presence of blood around the
pedicle. The perfusion recording curves were processed and two
important time periods describing the progress of spasm were
extracted. Combined non-parametrical ANOVA and WILCOXON tests
were used to compare the time parameters between the groups. On
the basis of statistical evaluation, we divided the factors
responsible for vasospasm into categories labelled as strong
and weak. The strong stimuli included dissection of the
vessels; pulling on the pedicle using 15g, 20g and 25g weights
and presence of blood around the pedicle. The weak stimuli
included compression of the pedicle using vascular clamps and
pulling on the pedicle using 10g weight. Pulling on the pedicle
using 15g weight was chosen as the most appropriate stimulus
for the experimental model. Results: A new experimental model
for studying vasospasm caused by tension on the pedicle was
developed. This model is well defined, easily repeatable and
reproducible, produces vasospasm of appropriate duration and
permits standardized topical application of vasodilating drugs.
Discussion and conclusion: The finding that certain kind of
surgical traumatisation causes vasospasm that is longer than
the others may help microsurgeons to review their methods of
surgical manipulation.
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