Comparative evaluation of the microcirculatory disorders in diabetes mellitus

Parallel studies of different microcirculatory channel parts were performed in 700 patients with diabetes mellitus. Clinical manifestations of disturbed microhemodynamics of the eye fundus, conjunctiva, kidneys, lower limbs were investigated by means of bulbar conjunctival biomicroscopy, ophthalmoscopy, fluorescent retinal angiography, nail-bed capillaroscopy and polarography, and radioisotopic renography. Ultrastructure of the leg muscular capillaries was studied by electron microscopy. The injury of the conjunctival vessels was seen in 81.9% of cases, of the eye fundus in 49.7%, of the kidneys in 45.6%, of the lower limbs in 84.3% and of the capillary muscular ultrastructure in 100%. Phasic character of the microcirculatory channel disorders was revealed. The data obtained are indicative of the possibility of early preclinical diagnosis of diabetic microangiopathies, determination of the degree of vascular lesions, whose prophylaxis and treatment should be carried out systematically and purposefully, beginning from the time of their revealing.