Application of Nucleic Acid Amplification Strategies in Electrochemical DNA Sensors

In recent decades, electrochemical DNA sensor has been demonstrated as up-and-coming alternative clinical diagnostic equipment through studying biological recognition matters and transforming them into a sensitive electrochemical output signals. This is because the conventional diagnostic strategies, for example, optical methods, have certain limitations including expensive, laborious, time-consuming, low sensitivity, and selectivity. Nucleic acid amplification strategies and principle of electrochemical signaling are two the most important aspects that should be considered before constructing highly sensitive and selective electrochemical sensor. In this chapter, we show how we are able to construct and investigate biosensing systems that utilize electrochemical signaling. Representative assays demonstrating the performance and merits of each nucleic acid amplification strategies are showed along with discussions on the limits of each strategy. Starting off from their sensing principles and significant characters, the adoption of nucleic acid amplification strategies in biosensing and their future outlooks are also provided.