Development and pathology of the germinal matrix

Abstract The germinal matrix (GM) is a delicate web of densely packed blood vessels and neural stem/progenitor cells (NSPCs) found adjacent to the ependymal lining of the ventricular system. There, in the thalamostriate groove, the GM generates both cortical neurons and glia. Although most notorious for its predilection to hemorrhage in premature infants, this specialized brain region plays a complex and intricate role in brain development and homeostasis, with its clinical relevance often underestimated. In this chapter, we explore the maturation and activity of the GM from gestation and the early postnatal period to later life in humans, correlating with associated pathology including hemorrhage and childhood epilepsy.