Conclusion-lessons and regrets

Abstract Since the establishment of the Morrill Act of 1862, universities have recognized the unique position they can play to move scientific research into the hands of practitioners and communities. Evolving from a similar train of thought, the IfSC was formed with an inherent desire to translate research into application, and theory into practice. In this chapter, we conclude the book by identifying the external challenges (including rapidly growing populations exposed to the effects of climate change, growing economic inequalities, limited capacity in disadvantaged communities, recognition of climate-based threats/social opportunities, and more limited accessibility of resilience tools for residents) and opportunities linked to community resilience. We then identify the internal challenges and opportunities related to academe which include faculty advancement, staff involvement and advancement, and educating faculty and administration on the real costs of engagement.